72 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
72 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
# Claro: single-file C89 runtime
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The complete interpreter is `src/claro.c`. It needs no project-specific header,
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generated source, or second C implementation file. Tests, lessons, documentation,
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and optional scripts remain separate development resources, not build inputs.
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## Build
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```bash
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gcc -std=c89 -pedantic-errors -Werror=implicit-function-declaration src/claro.c -o claro -lm
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```
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`make -s all` uses the same strict C89 gate and builds `claro` and `claro.exe`.
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The Windows build scripts select C89 too, but Windows compilation/runtime has
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not been verified by this Linux refactor. The `.exe` name built by Linux make
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still contains a Linux executable; it is not a Windows cross-build.
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The source is formatted with four-space indentation and a 100-column limit.
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C99-only declarations, loop declarations, compound literals, and `long long`
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have been replaced without removing language features or compatibility syntax.
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## Formatting and numbers
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C89 does not define `snprintf` or `vsnprintf`. Claro uses a bounded internal
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formatter in the same source file. It supports only the fixed conversions used
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inside Claro, not arbitrary user-controlled printf formats. Strings are copied
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with explicit bounds; fixed numeric formats use C89 `sprintf` into a buffer
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sized for their maximum output. Unsupported internal formats fail explicitly.
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Number display uses `modf` instead of casting to a non-C89 integer type.
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`random.int` computes the inclusive integer range with floating-point arithmetic
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and `fmod`, avoiding signed overflow across the tested 32-bit int range while
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preserving the existing seeded random algorithm. This is not cryptographic
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randomness and does not claim improved distribution.
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## Platform requirements
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C89 describes the C language and standard library, not an entire operating
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system. Directory listing, subprocesses, filesystem checks, and HTTP execution
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still use existing platform branches (POSIX or Windows); real HTTP needs curl.
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This is not proof of MSVC6, Windows 98, DOS, or freestanding-system support.
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Those environments need their own compiler, link, and runtime checks.
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The C89 gate is tested with the host GCC and the host's integer/double model.
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It does not establish compatibility with every minimum-capability C89 compiler
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or an unusual integer/floating-point representation.
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## Verify
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```bash
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python3 tools/validate_c89.py
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python3 tools/validate_first_hour.py
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python3 tools/validate_v1_17.py
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```
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The C89 validator copies only `claro.c` to an isolated directory, compiles it
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with strict flags, verifies that a deliberately C99-only source is rejected,
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and exercises bounded formatting/truncation, large and negative numbers,
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functions, and extreme random bounds. The full validation gate includes this
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check and the nine executable First Hour examples.
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Sanitizer command for these portability boundaries:
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```bash
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ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_leaks=0 UBSAN_OPTIONS=halt_on_error=1 CLARO_CC="gcc -fsanitize=address,undefined -g" python3 tools/validate_c89.py
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```
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Disabling leak detection here isolates invalid memory access and undefined
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behavior checks; it is not a claim that every existing runtime path is leak-free.
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Historical validation scripts may retain their original C99 commands; current
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builds and current runtime/sanitizer validators use C89.
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